Heart Valve Surgery: Indications, Care, and Rehabilitation

Physiotherapy /
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Introduction Heart valve surgery is a specialized cardiac procedure performed to repair or replace damaged heart valves that disrupt normal blood flow through the heart. Diseased valves can lead to heart failure and other serious complications if not treated on time. Advances in surgical techniques and postoperative rehabilitation have remarkably improved patient outcomes. Indications Heart …

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Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Surgical Approach to Heart Revascularization

Physiotherapy /
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Introduction Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is a commonly performed cardiac surgical procedure used to restore adequate blood flow to the heart muscle. It is recommended for patients with severe coronary artery disease (CAD) where blood supply to the myocardium is remarkably decreased. CABG improves survival, relieves symptoms, and enhances quality of life. Indications CABG …

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Understanding Dupuytren’s Contracture: A Progressive Hand Disorder

Physiotherapy /
Dupuytren’s Contracture

Introduction Dupuytren’s Contracture is a progressive hand disorder characterized by thickening and tightening of connective tissue in the palm. Over time, it leads to finger deformities that interfere with hand function and daily activities. Early identification and rehabilitation help slow functional decline. Definition Dupuytren’s Contracture is a benign fibroproliferative condition of the palmar fascia, resulting …

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Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)

Physiotherapy /
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)

Introduction Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common causes of vertigo, especially in adults and the elderly. It is characterized by brief episodes of dizziness triggered by changes in head position. Although not life-threatening, BPPV can remarkablyaffect balance, mobility, and quality of life. Early diagnosis and acquiring physiotherapy management play a …

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Dyspraxia: Understanding Motor Coordination Difficulties

Physiotherapy /
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Introduction Dyspraxia, also known as Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), is a neurological condition that affects motor planning and coordination. It commonly begins in childhood and may persist into adulthood, impacting daily activities, academic performance, and social participation. Early discovery and therapeutic intervention are essential to upgrade functional independence. Definition Dyspraxia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised …

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Sterno-Costo-Clavicular Hyperostosis (SCCH)

Physiotherapy /
Sterno-Costo-Clavicular Hyperostosis

Introduction Sterno-Costo-Clavicular Hyperostosis (SCCH) is a rare, chronic inflammatory bone disorder affecting the upper anterior chest wall. It primarily involves the sternum, clavicles, and upper ribs, leading to pain, stiffness, and progressive functional limitation. Early diagnosis and physiotherapy play a crucial role in symptom control and maintaining mobility. Definition Sterno-Costo-Clavicular Hyperostosis is a benign, non-infectious …

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Understanding Spinocerebellar Ataxia: A Progressive Neurological Disorder

Physiotherapy /
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Introduction Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA) is a group of progressive neurological disorders that primarily affect coordination, balance, and speech. The condition results from degeneration of the cerebellum and its associated pathways, leading to gradual functional decline. Early recognition and supportive rehabilitation are essential to maintain independence and quality of life. Definition Spinocerebellar Ataxia is a hereditary …

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Multiple System Atrophy: Causes, Symptoms, and Rehabilitation Strategies

Physiotherapy /
Multiple System Atrophy

Introduction Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a rare, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement, balance, and autonomic nervous system functions. It is characterized by a combination of Parkinsonian features, cerebellar dysfunction, and autonomic failure. Early recognition and supportive rehabilitation play a vital role in improving quality of life. Definition Multiple System Atrophy is an adult-onset …

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Dementia Explained: From Memory Loss to Functional Decline

Physiotherapy /
Dementia

Introduction Dementia is a progressive neurological condition that affects memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to perform daily activities. It is more common in older adults but is not a normal part of aging. Early identification and supportive rehabilitation play an significant role in improving quality of life and functional independence. Definition Dementia is a …

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Understanding Huntington’s Disease: A Progressive Neurodegenerative Disorder

Physiotherapy /
Huntington’s Disease

Introduction Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a rare, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement, cognition, and behavior. It usually appears in adulthood and gradually interferes with daily activities, independence, and quality of life. Early supportive care and rehabilitation play a chief role in managing symptoms. Definition Huntington’s Disease is an inherited neurological disorder characterized by progressive …

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Sciatica: Causes, Symptoms, and Effective Pain Relief

Physiotherapy /
Sciatica

Introduction Sciatica is a common neuromuscular condition characterized by pain radiating along the path of the sciatic nerve. It often affects the lower back, buttocks, and one or both lower limbs. Sciatica can remarkably interfere with daily activities, posture, and mobility if not addressed early. Definition Sciatica refers to a set of symptoms caused by …

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Bell’s Palsy: Facial Paralysis and Functional Recovery

Physiotherapy /
Bell’s Palsy

Introduction Bell’s Palsy is a common neurological disorder characterised by the sudden onset of facial muscle weakness or paralysis. It typically affects one side of the face and can significantly impact facial expression, speech, eye closure, and psychological well-being. Early intervention and physiotherapy play a vital role in recuperation. Definition Bell’s palsy is an acute, …

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Understanding Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Neurological Overview

Physiotherapy /
Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Introduction Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a rare but serious neurological disorder characterized by acute, rapidly progressive muscle weakness. It occurs due to immune-mediated damage to the peripheral nervous system and can lead to significant functional disability if not treated promptly. Pathophysiology GBS is primarily an autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks …

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Foot Pain and Metatarsal Fractures: What You Need to Know

Physiotherapy /
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 Introduction Fracture of the Metatarsal refers to a break in one or more of the five long bones of the foot located between the tarsal bones and toes. Metatarsal fractures are common foot injuries seen in athletes, dancers, and individuals exposed to trauma. If untreated, they can significantly impair walking and weight-bearing activities. Etiology Metatarsal …

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Understanding Tibia and Fibula Fractures and Their Recovery Process

Physiotherapy /
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Introduction Fracture of the tibia and fibula refers to a break in one or both long bones of the lower leg. The tibia is the primary weight-bearing bone, while the fibula provides lateral stability and muscle attachment. These fractures are common following trauma and can significantly impair walking, balance, and daily activities. Early diagnosis and …

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